Sexual Differentiation of the Brain

by Akira Matsumoto, 1999.

Sexual difference in the brain has long been one of the more intriguing research areas in the field of neuroscience. This thorough and comprehensive text uncovers and explains recent neurobiological and molecular biological studies in the field of neuroscience as they relate to the mechanisms underlying sexual differentiation of the brain.

Attempts have been made to clarify sex differences in the human brain using noninvasive techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging. Sexual Differentiation of the Brain thoroughly examines these techniques and findings, providing an up-to-date, comprehensive overview written by leading researchers in the field.

Chapter 14

Gonadal hormones and sexual differentiation of human behavior: Effects on psychosexual and cognitive development

Melissa Hines is a DES Daughter who has substantial research experience investigating impact of prenatal DES exposure in females and subsequent impact on gender and sexual orientation. She has several books which further investigate these themes of “brain gender”.

Contents

1. Introduction and Overview
2. Core Gender Identity
3. Sexual Orientation
   1. Genetic Females
      1. CAH
      2. DES
   2. Genetic Males
      1. Androgen Insensivity Syndrome (AIS)
      2. Enzymatic Deficiencies
      3. Exposure to DES or Progestins
4. Gender Role Behaviors
   1. Childhood Play Behavior
   2. Cognitive Abilities
5. Summary and Conclusions
   References

• DES studies on epigenetics and transgenerational effects.
• DES studies on gender identity and psychological health.
• DES videos and posts tagged DES, the DES-exposed, DES victims.