DiEthylStilbestrol Resources: Gender Identity and Psychological Health

Gender Identity

• 2016 video Did the DES drug make some children transgender ? – “… and it was one of those moments… when you just go, ‘My God, it really is so obvious’… “
• 2016 video Gender assignment : something in the mind, as opposed to the body – “… until there is a funded a DES transgender link study, there won’t be a definitive answer… “
• 2016 video Real Talk with a DES Son – “… as a male, I was prenatally exposed to medically prescribed hormones… “
• 2016 video The Controversy about DES and Gender Identity – “… a very good possibility that DES is was caused me to be trans …”
• 2016 video The possible link between DES and being transgender later in life – “… This is all about education. The more people know, the better off everyone is.”
• 2016 video Thousands of people believe DES is the reason they are transgender – “… we could not talk about this because it was too scary …”
• 2015 Early exposure of 17α-ethynylestradiol and diethylstilbestrol induces morphological changes and alters ovarian steroidogenic pathway enzyme gene expression in catfish, Clarias gariepinus.
• 2015 In utero exposure to the oestrogen mimic diethylstilbestrol disrupts gonadal development in a viviparous reptile.
• 2014 Fetal programming of sexual development and reproductive function.
• 2014 Our stolen figures: The interface of sexual differentiation, endocrine disruptors, maternal programming, and energy balance.
• 2013 Prenatal exposure to DES linked to intersexed development in males.
• 2012 Estrogen receptor-α mediates diethylstilbestrol-induced feminization of the seminal vesicle in male mice.
• 2012 Specific morphogenetic events in mouse external genitalia sex differentiation are responsive/dependent upon androgens and/or estrogens.
• 2011 Gender Identity and DES Exposure.
• 2011 book :  Prenatal exposure to progesterone suppresses reproduction in male mice.
• 2011 Sexual differentiation of the human brain: relation to gender identity, sexual orientation and neuropsychiatric disorders.
• 2010 Gonadal hormones and sexual differentiation of human behavior : Effects on psychosexual and cognitive development.
• 2010 Sexual differentiation of the human brain in relation to gender identity and sexual orientation.
• 2009 Animal model for age- and sex-related genotoxicity of diethylstilbestrol.
• 2009 Clinical implications of the organizational and activational effects of hormones.
• 2009 book : The Riddle of Gender – Science, Activism, and Transgender Rights.
• 2008 DES’ other Daughters : Neglected Evidence of Prenatal Gender Development.
• 2008 Effects of Gestational Diethylstilbestrol Treatment on Male and Female Gonads during Early Embryonic Development.
• 2008 Environmental endocrine disrupters.
• 2007 Secondary sex ratio among women exposed to diethylstilbestrol in utero.
• 2007 Time to pregnancy and secondary sex ratio in men exposed prenatally to diethylstilbestrol.
• 2006 Atypical Gender Development – A Review.
• 2006 audio : Dr. Scott Kerlin talks about Diethylstilbestrol DES.
• 2005 Are EDCs Blurring Issues of Gender?
• 2005 audio : Dr. Dana Beyer talks about Diethylstilbestrol DES.
• 2005 Effects of maternal exposure to a low dose of diethylstilbestrol on sexual dimorphic nucleus volume and male reproductive system in rat offspring.
• 2005 Prenatal DiEthylStilbestrol Exposure in Males and Gender-related Disorders – Results from a 5-year study.
• 2004 Basic Statistics and Findings on DES Sons Participating in the DES Sons International Network Between 1999 and 2004.
• 2004 Children’s search for gender cues : Cognitive perspectives on gender development.
• 2004 DES Sons and Gender Dysphoria, Transsexualism, Disorders of Sexual Differentiation.
• 2004 DES Sons and the Significance of Gender Identity: Statistics of Individuals with Gender-related Issues or Outcomes Among Network Members.
• 2004 Discordant sexual identity in some genetic males with cloacal exstrophy assigned to female sex at birth.
• 2004 Disorders of sex differentiation caused by exogenous hormones.
• 2004 Gender Benders and Endocrine Disruptors around You.
• 2004 Prevalence of Transsexualism, Transgenderism, Gender Dysphoria, or Intersex among DES-Exposed.
• 2004 Sexual differentiation of the human brain : relevance for gender identity, transsexualism and sexual orientation.
• 2004 The Presence of Gender Dysphoria, Transsexualism, and Disorders of Sex Differentiation in Males Prenatally Exposed to Diethylstilbestrol.
• 2004 Transsexualism : An Unacknowledged Endpoint of Developmental Endocrine Disruption?
• 2003 Diethylstilbestrol exposure and feminization in males.
• 2003 Effects on gender identity of prenatal androgens and genital appearance : evidence from girls with congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
• 2003 Psychosexual characteristics of men and women exposed prenatally to diethylstilbestrol.
• 2002 Cognitive theories of early gender development.
• 2002 Environmental endocrine disrupters and disorders of sexual differentiation.
• 2002 Estrogens and environmental estrogens.
• 2002 Gender Identity, Sexual Orientation, and Sexual Diversity of DES Sons.
• 2001 A psycho-endocrinological overview of transsexualism.
• 2001 Environmental xenoestrogens, antiandrogens and disorders of male sexual differentiation.
• 1999 Intersexuality and gender identity differentiation.
• 2011 book :  Sexual Differentiation of the Brain.
• 1999 The avian egg as a test system for endocrine disrupters: effects of diethylstilbestrol and ethynylestradiol on sex organ development.
• 1999 Transsexualism: a review of etiology, diagnosis and treatment.
• 1998 Effect of prenatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol on Müllerian duct development in fetal male mice.
• 1998 Sexual differentiation and environmental endocrine disrupters.
• 1996 Gender-identity, body-experience, sexuality, and the wish for having children in DES-daughters.
• 1996 Sexual differentiation of cognitive abilities in women exposed to diethylstilbestrol (DES) prenatally.
• 1995 A quantitative investigation of gonadal feminization by diethylstilboestrol of genetically male embryos of the quail Coturnix coturnix japonica.
• 1995 A Sex Difference in the Human Brain and its Relation to Transsexuality.
• 1995 Diethylstilbestrol revisited : a review of the long-term health effects.
• 1994 Molecular feminization of mouse seminal vesicle by prenatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol: altered expression of messenger RNA.
• 1993 Gender-related behavior in women exposed prenatally to diethylstilbestrol.
• 1991 Gender-related behavior development in females exposed to diethylstilbestrol (DES) in utero: an attempted replication.
• 1991 Hormonal contributions to sexually dimorphic behavioral development in humans.
• 1989 Female gene expression in the seminal vesicle of mice after prenatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol.
• 1988 Prenatal exposure of male mice to diethylstilbestrol alter the expression of the lactotransferrin gene in seminal vesicles.
• 1985 Effects of estrogen treatment on sexual behavior in male-to-female transsexuals: experimental and clinical observations.
• 1979 Feminization of the quail by early diethylstilbestrol treatment: histoenzymological investigations on steroid dehydrogenases in the gonads.
• 1977 Prenatal Exposure to Synthetic Progestins and Estrogens: Effects on Human Development.
• 1976 Pulmonary embolism in a transsexual man taking diethylstilbestrol.
• 1972 book :  Man and Woman, Boy and Girl – the differentiation and dimorphism of gender identity from conception to maturity.
• 1959 Male Pseudohermaphrodism – Report of a Case, with Observations on Pathogenesis.
• 1959 Masculinization of the female infant associated with estrogenic therapy alone during gestation : four cases.

Psychological Health

• 2017 Impact of prenatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES) on psychological outcome: a national survey of DES daughters and unexposed controls.
• 2016  Endocrine disruptors and psychiatric disorders in children exposed in utero: evidence from a French cohort of 1002 prenatally exposed children and the example of diethylstilbestrol (DES) as a model for PE study.
• 2016 Environmental signaling: from environmental estrogens to endocrine-disrupting chemicals and beyond.
• 2016 Methylomic Changes in Individuals with Psychosis and Prenatally Exposed to Diethylstilbestrol.
• 2015 Association between fetal DES-exposure and psychiatric disorders in adolescence/adulthood : evidence from a French cohort of 1002 prenatally exposed children.
• 2015 Distilbène et troubles psychiatriques?
• 2015 Effects of diethylstilbestrol exposure during gestation on both maternal and offspring behavior.
• 2015 Prenatal exposure to endocrine disruptors and neurodevelopment risk : study of siblings exposed to diethylstilbestrol.
• 2014 Epigenetics of schizophrenia : a review.
• 2012 Behavioral and Somatic Disorders in Children Exposed in Utero to Synthetic Hormones: A Testimony-Case Study in a French Family Troop.
• 2012 Diethylstilbestrol and risk of psychiatric disorders: a critical review and new insights.
• 2012 Endocrine disrupters: a review of some sources, effects, and mechanisms of actions on behaviour and neuroendocrine systems.
• 2011 Distilbène, effets psychiatriques – Rapport Hhorages 2011.
• 2011 Endocrine disruptors and behavioural anomalies.
• 2011 Endocrine disruptors and behavioural issues.
• 2011 Prenatal endocrine influences on sexual orientation and on sexually differentiated childhood behavior.
• 2011 Psychological consequences of DES exposure in utero.
• 2010 Diethylstilbestrol Exposure in Utero and Depression in Women.
• 2009 Hypermethylation of Homeobox A10 by in Utero Diethylstilbestrol Exposure: An Epigenetic Mechanism for Altered Developmental Programming.
• 2007 Effects of xenoestrogens on the differentiation of behaviorally-relevant neural circuits.
• 2007 Serious psychiatric outcome of subjects prenatally exposed to diethylstilboestrol in the E3N cohort study.
• 2005 Early exposure to a low dose of bisphenol A affects socio-sexual behavior of juvenile female rats.
• 2004 Endocrine disrupters as disrupters of brain function: a neurosteroid viewpoint.
• 2004 Low-dose perinatal diethylstilbestrol exposure affected behaviors and hypothalamic estrogen receptor-alpha-positive cells in the mouse.
• 2004 Perinatal risk factors for schizophrenia: how specific are they?
• 2003 Psychosexual characteristics of men and women exposed prenatally to diethylstilbestrol.
• 2002 Long-term psychiatric and behavioural consequences of prenatal exposure to psychoactive drugs.
• 2000 A focus group study of DES daughters: implications for health care providers.
• 2000 Does prenatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES) have psychiatric consequences?
• 2000 Language lateralization and handedness in women prenatally exposed to diethylstilbestrol (DES).
• 1999 Prenatal and perinatal risk factors for schizophrenia, affective psychosis, and reactive psychosis of early onset: case-control study.
• 1999 Prenatal exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals: effects on behavioral development.
• 1999 Schizophrenic patients and their first-degree relatives show an excess of mixed-handedness.
• 1997 Obstetric complications and age at onset in schizophrenia: an international collaborative meta-analysis of individual patient data.
• 1996 Cerebral lateralization is delayed in children who later develop schizophrenia.
• 1996 Prenatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol and the mother-daughter relationship.
• 1996 The effects of diethylstilbestrol (DES) before birth on the development of masculine behavior in juvenile female rhesus monkeys.
• 1995 Diethylstilbestrol (DES)-Related Endocrine Disturbances in Women : A Story with No End, Yet
• 1995 Handedness and other laterality indices in women prenatally exposed to DES.
• 1995 Prenatal estrogens and the development of homosexual orientation.
• 1994 Androgen and the development of human sex-typical behavior: rough-and-tumble play and sex of preferred playmates in children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH).
• 1994 Handedness in women with intrauterine exposure to diethylstilbestrol.
• 1993 Psychopathology and social functioning in men prenatally exposed to diethylstilbestrol (DES).
• 1992 Effects of prenatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES) on hemispheric laterality and spatial ability in human males.
• 1992 Prenatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES): childhood play behavior and adult gender-role behavior in women.
• 1991 Increased risk of profound weight loss among women exposed to diethylstilbestrol in utero.
• 1989 The development of gender-related behavior in females following prenatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES).
• 1988 Physical and psychological problems associated with exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES).
• 1987 Depression and diethylstilbestrol exposure in women.
• 1987 Obstetric complications, neurodevelopmental deviance, and risk of schizophrenia.
• 1987 Psychopathology in prenatally DES-exposed females: current and lifetime adjustment.
• 1987 Psychosis and prenatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol.
• 1986 Prenatal Diethylstilbestrol Exposure : Behavioral Consequences in Humans.
• 1985 Cerebral lateralization. Biological mechanisms, associations, and pathology.
• 1985 Estrogens before birth and development of sex-related reproductive traits in the female guinea pig.
• 1985 Sexual activity level and sexual functioning in women prenatally exposed to diethylstilbestrol.
• 1985 Sexual orientation after prenatal exposure to exogenous estrogen.
• 1985 Vulnerability to stress among women with in utero diethylstilbestrol (DES) exposed daughters.
• 1984 Pre- and postnatal influence of testosterone propionate and diethylstilbestrol on differentiation of the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area in male and female rats.
• 1984 Screening and Management of Diethylstilbestrol Exposed Offspring – Psychological Support.
• 1983 A randomized double-blind controlled trial of the value of stilboestrol therapy in pregnancy: long-term follow-up of mothers and their offspring.
• 1980 Observations on the psychological impact of diethylstilbestrol exposure and suggestions on management.
• 1980 Prenatal ‘female hormone’ administration and psychosexual development in human males.
• 1979 Emotional distress in morning-after pill patients.
• 1978 Abnormal gonadotropin secretory responses to LRH in transsexual women after diethylstilbestrol priming.
• 1977 Prenatal exposure to synthetic progestins and estrogens: Effects on human development.
• 1977 Psychological effects of diethylstilbestrol exposure.
• 1973 Prenatal Exposure to Female Hormones : Effect on Psychosexual Development in Boys.
• 1959 The Clinical use of Stilboestrol for Suppression of Sexual Behaviour of Chronically Ill Male Psychiatric Patients.

More DES DiEthylStilbestrol Resources

• DES studies on cancers and screening.
• DES studies on epigenetics and transgenerational effects.
• DES studies on fertility and pregnancy.
• DES studies on gender identity and psychological health.
• DES studies on in-utero exposure to DES and side-effects.
• DES studies on the genital tract.
• Papers on DES lawsuits.
• DES videos and posts tagged DES, the DES-exposed, DES victims.